Taylor & Francis Energy Efficient Spectrum Resources Usage in WPANs: IEEE 82.15.4 MAC Sub-layer Protocols (River Publishers Series in Communications and Networking)

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things are facing tremendous advances both in terms of energy-efficiency as well as in the number of available applications. Consequently, there are challenges that need to be tackled for the future generation of WSNs. After giving an overview of the WSN protocols and IEEE 802.15.4 standard, this book proposes IEEE 802.15.4 Medium Access Control (MAC) sub-layer performance enhancements by employing not only RTS/CTS combined with packet concatenation but also scheduled channel poling (MC-SCP). Results have shown that the use of the RTS/CTS mechanism improves channel efficiency by decreasing the deferral time before transmitting a data packet. Furthermore, the Sensor Block Acknowledgment MAC (SBACK-MAC) protocol enables more efficiency as it allows the aggregation of several acknowledgement responses in one special Block Acknowledgment (BACK) Response packet. The throughput and delay performance have been mathematically derived under both ideal conditions (a channel environment with no transmission errors) and non-ideal conditions (with transmission errors). Simulation results successfully validate the proposed analytical models. This research reveals the importance of an appropriate design for the MAC sub-layer protocol for the desired WSN application. Depending on the mission of the WSN application, different protocols are required. Therefore, the overall performance of a WSN application certainly depends on the development and application of suitable e.g., MAC, network layer protocols. About the Author Luís M. Borges is currently a Senior NPO Engineer at NOKIA (EPDC). Worked as a RAN Engineer at NetOne (Angola) within the WiMAX and LTE project as well as worked in Ericsson within the Vodafone PT SRAN modernization project. Luís M. Borges received the Licenciatura and Ph.D degrees in Electrical Engineering from Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, in 2006 and 2013, respectively. Luís M. Borges was a Post-Doc researcher in CREaTION project. He was also research assistant at Instituto de Telecomunicações, Covilhã. He made or makes part of the team of COST 2100 and COST IC1004 European projects, and he participated in SMART-CLOTHING and PROENERGY-WSN Portuguese projects. Luís M. Borges is a member of the Ordem dos Engenheiros (EUREL). His main research areas are or were Mobile networks and optimization, WSN, medium access protocols, cross-layer design, hardware development, network modelling, and application development, cognitive radio and energy harvesting. Norberto Barroca received his Licenciado degree in electronics and telecommunications engineering from Polytechnic Institute of Castelo Branco in 2007 and his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Beira Interior in 2009 and 2014, respectively. He was a research assistant at Instituto de Telecomunicações, while pursuing research for the Ph.D. degree. His research interests included wireless sensor networks and cross-layer design. Fernando J. Velez (M’93–SM’05) received the Licenciado, M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical and Computer Engineering from Instituto Superior Técnico, Technical University of Lisbon in 1993, 1996 and 2001, respectively. Since 1995 he has been with the Department of Electromechanical Engineering of Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, where he is Assistant Professor. He is also a senior researcher of Instituto de Telecomunicações. Fernando was an IEF Marie Curie Research Fellow in King’s College London (KCL) in 2008/09(OPTIMOBILE IEF) and a Marie Curie ERG fellow at Universidade da Beira Interior from 2010 until March 2013 (PLANOPTI ERG). Fernando is the coordinator of the Instituto de Telecomunicações team in the Marie Skłodowska-Curie ITN Action (TeamUp5G) that started in 2019. He made or makes part of the teams of several European and Portuguese research projects on mobile communication