Outskirts Press Brassinosteroids: A Half Century of Progress (1970 -2020)

J.W. Mitchell, N.B. Mandava and others' 1970 publication in Nature, "Brassins-A New Family of Plant Hormones from Rape Pollen" announced the discovery of a new plant hormone, brassinolide, which would also mark the sixth and newest group of plant hormones, brassinosteroids. This monograph details the early research leading to the isolation and synthesis of the first brassinosteroid to current research in the field. The 50 years of brassinosteroid research can be separated in two parts; The first 25 years saw the innovation of different bioassays and isolation techniques while the last 25 years saw the investigation into brassinosteroids signaling, cross talk, stress response, and agricultural application. Since the discovery of brassinolide, there have now been 62 brassinosteroids identified through international research efforts. Several of these have been targeted for agricultural use with patents in many countries. Homobrassinolide is one such brassinosteroid that helps improve crop yield and fruit sweetness while conferring stress resistance. This monograph is the first to fully encompass the story of brassinosteroids. Progress in the First 25 Years Discovery of Brassins 1970 - Mitchell, Mandava, and others (Nature article) Screening of Various Kinds of Pollen Brassins - Field trials in Brazil and the USA Discovery of Brassinolide Detection of active ingredient by Bean Second-Internode Bioassay Isolation from Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Pollen Development of Laboratory Scale Purification Method Pilot-Plant Extraction of Pollen Identification of Brassinolide Synthesis of Brassinolide Structure-Activity of Brassinolide Analogs Synthesis of Brassinolide from sterol isolated from oysters Other Synthetic Methods for Brassinolide Development of Other Bioassays - Screening of Brassinosteroids using Various Bioassays Development of Sensitive Analytical Methods for Detection of Brassinosteroids Isolation of Other Brassinosteroids from Various Plant Sources Synthesis of Other Brassinosteroids Selection of three Brassinosteroids based on Bioassays Metabolism of Brassinosteroids Biosynthesis of Brassinosteroids Progress in the Second 25 Years Brassinosteroid Signaling Brassinosteroid Crosstalk Physiological Responses Senescence Stress Responses Pathogen Attack Gene Regulation Signal Transduction Metabolism of Brassinosteroids (cont.) Brassinosteroid Bio efficacy Agricultural Uses Mode of Action and Economic Benefits Field Trials