The Multifactorial Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease: Insights from Teratology, Genetics, and Exposomics

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect worldwide, representing a complex and multifactorial condition arising from genetic, environmental, and developmental influences. Advances in genomics reveal a spectrum of genetic contributions. The emerging field of exposomics provides new insight into how lifestyle, pollutants, diet, and other external factors interact with genetic predisposition to influence cardiac development. Integrating findings from these three domains, teratology, genetics, and exposomics, offers a more holistic understanding of CHD s etiology, enabling more accurate risk assessment, prevention strategies, and potential therapeutic interventions. The Multifactorial Etiology of Congenital Heart Disease: Insights from Teratology, Genetics, and Exposomics explores the emerging field of exposomics as it relates to CHD, addressing existing knowledge gaps and presenting cutting-edge research in this rapidly evolving domain. It examines environmental factors linked to CHD, investigates the role of socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in CHD risk, and provides a holistic view of the exposome's influence on cardiovascular development. This book covers topics such as cardiology, machine learning, and public health policy, and is a useful resource for medical and healthcare professionals, engineers, academicians, researchers, and scientists.