Wiley Analysis of Laminar Flow over a Backward Facing Step: A GAMM Workshop: 9 (Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 9)

~~~~ INTRODUCTION 1. - The problem for analysis and requirements 2. - Results 3. - Comparison of computer times 4. - Conclusion. INTRODUCTION In 1981 it appeared to the organizers that a workshop to compare codes to solve the Navier -Stokes equations would be of great interest to the community of numerical analysts and users working on CFD (Computer fluid Dynamics}. A test problem would have to be selected with the following features : 1. it should be suited for all known methods (finite differences, finite elements, spectral ... ) thus the geometry should be simple. 2. it should be simple so that scientists with small computer facilities can test it and the gradients in the flow should be reasonable in size so that algo rithms don't blow up with a limited number of points and iterations. In practice one would have to select a stationary flow at moderate Reynolds number. 3. it should be a real flow to allow experimental ~asurements. The simplest problem used previously was the cavity flow problem ; however the singularity of the data at the boundary (point A and B on figure 1} makes it difficult for the Finite Element and Spectral methods ; furthermore it is not such an easy experiment to set up. A B .... u = 2 Flow around a cylinder, although most interesting of all, is too difficult because it is unbounded (many grid points) and very quickly unsteady {Re ~30).