Cambridge University Press The Road to Inequality: How the Federal Highway Program Polarized America and Undermined Cities

The Road to Inequality shows how policies that shape geographic space change our politics, focusing on the effects of the largest public works project in American history: the federal highway system. For decades, federally subsidized highways have selectively facilitated migration into fast-growing suburbs, producing an increasingly non-urban Republican electorate. This book examines the highway programs' policy origins at the national level and traces how these intersected with local politics and interests to facilitate complex, mutually-reinforcing processes that have shaped America's growing urban-suburban divide and, with it, the politics of metropolitan public investment. As Americans have become more polarized on urban-suburban lines, attitudes towards transportation policy - a once quintessentially 'local' and non-partisan policy area - are now themselves driven by partisanship, endangering investments in metropolitan programs that provide access to opportunity for millions of Americans. Review 'The Road to Inequality deals with some of the most important and timely questions in American political science, namely the causes and consequences of political polarization. It focuses attention on a set of public policies - federal highway programs - that have been all but ignored by political scientists. These programs, we learn, being inherently spatial in nature and inherently permanent in their effects, have changed the American political landscape in fundamental and lasting ways. And by setting our attention on these major spatial infrastructure policies, the book demonstrates the importance of spatial political polarization and its consequences for social, economic, and political inequality. I consider this a major contribution to the literatures on American political development, political polarization, political geography, public opinion and public policy.' Elisabeth R. Gerber, University of Michigan'Clayton Nall has written an incredibly important book providing powerful evidence of the role that the federal highway program has played in the spatial distribution of the population, in dividing political interests, and ultimately in producing inequality. Using a tremendous amount of data and varied methodological approaches, and reaching back to the early decades of the twentieth century, Nall reveals that the federal government's trillion dollar investment in highways has helped to drive a deep wedge between largely urban Democrats and largely suburban Republicans.' Jessica Trounstine, University of California, Merced'The Road to Inequality is a fascinating study showing how federal infrastructure investments not only created a divided metropolis but also fostered new political loyalties. Nall offers a deeply researched analysis of how red and blue America took on a spatial form with enduring consequences for the politics of inequality.' Margaret Weir, Brown University, Rhode Island'Clayton Nall has rewritten the legacy of America's interstate highway system and with it, the historical geography of the post-war Republican Party. With a stunning mixture of methods, each of them appropriate to its question and carefully deployed, Nall probes how our highway network has fashioned unequal chances along dimensions of place, race and politics. A master stroke of modern political science.' Daniel Carpenter, Harvard University, Massachusetts'The author conducts insightful analyses of road atlases, historical housing ads, and a longitudinal panel survey to revisit well-studied concerns such as white flight and partisan realignment. The chapter on the partisan dimensions of transportation policy stands out for its analysis of original, recent surveys on transportation preferences. Strong bipartisan support remains for highway spending, but support for mass transit and other transportation priorities has become starkly partisan. Another strength is the author's ability to clearly present a large