Cambridge University Press Bonapartism and Revolutionary Tradition in France: The Fédérés of 1815

Bonapartism and Revolutionary Tradition in France is a study of the personnel, organisation and activities of the Fédérés, the massive paramilitary political associations that supported Napoleon during the Hundred Days. In tracing federe backgrounds the author demonstrates that the federations were politically and socially heterogeneous - composed of old revolutionaries, Bonapartists and future Liberals, and drawn from both the lower and middle classes. Analysis of Fédéré literature and symbolism reveals the common ground of ideology and self-interest that enabled these diverse groups to unite in opposition to Bourbon rule, and thereby reverse the process of fragmentation that had beset the Revolutionary movement since 1789. Discussion of relations between the Imperial government and the Fédérés explains why Bonaparte encouraged this development, despite his realisation that old Jacobins dominated the associations of 1815. Review '… this fine volume illuminates a broad swathe of French history, from the revolution of 1789 to the downfall of the Bourbon restoration in 1830. Robert Alexander deserves praise, not just for exploring the terra incognita of the Hundred Days but, above all, for bridging the chasm that still divides studies of the Revolution from those of the early nineteenth century.' French History Book Description This study is crucial to the socio-political history of France from 1789–1830.