Routledge Rise of the Spectacular: America in the 1950s

In this prequel to Fantasy City: Pleasure and Profit in the Postmodern Metropolis (1998), his acclaimed book about the post-industrial city as a site of theming, branding and simulated spaces, sociologist John Hannigan travels back in time to the 1950s. Unfairly stereotyped as ‘the tranquillized decade’, America at mid-century hosted an escalating proliferation and conjunction of ‘spectacular’ events, spaces, and technologies. Spectacularization was collectively defined by five features. It reflected and legitimated a dramatic increase in scale from the local/regional to the national. It was mediated by the increasingly popular medium of television. It exploited middle-class tension between comfortable conformity and desire for safe adventure. It celebrated technological progress, boosterism and military power. It was orchestrated and marketed by a constellation, sometimes a coalition, of entrepreneurs and dream merchants, most prominently Walt Disney. In this wide-ranging odyssey across mid-century America, Hannigan visits leisure parks (Cypress Gardens), parades (Tournament of Roses), mega-events (Squaw Valley Olympics, Century 21 Exposition), architectural styles (desert modernism), innovations (underwater photography, circular film projection) and everyday wonders (chemistry sets). Collectively, these fashioned the ‘spectacular gaze’, a prism through which Americans in the 1950s were acculturated to and conscripted into a vision of a progressive, technology-based future. Rise of the Spectacular will appeal to architects, landscape designers, geographers, sociologists, historians, and leisure/tourism researchers, as well as non-academic readers who are by a fascinating era in history. Review "John Hannigan’s fascinating survey of 1950s America provides a much-needed historical perspective on the rise of the spectacular, showing how entrepreneurs and imagineers combined to craft new leisure experiences for the masses. This book provides a skillful portrait of the transition of the spectacle from the modern into the postmodern era and an essential reference point for scholars of experience production and consumption." - Greg Richards, Tilburg University, author of Small Cities with Big Dreams: Creative Placemaking and Branding Strategies "John Hannigan’s Rise of the Spectacular takes midcentury spectacles of travel, recreation, science and technology seriously, examining how they offered a sunny, optimistic U.S. futurism, but simultaneously reinforced economic, gender, and racial power structures. These American futures past, from Disneyland to Palm Springs, Seattle to Cypress Gardens, can tell us much about how U.S. consumer and popular culture perceived and represented science, technology, and nature, and imagined a spectacular future, promising, problematic, and now irrecoverable, that shapes us still." - Lawrence Culver, Utah State University, author of The Frontier of Leisure: Southern California and the Shaping of Modern America "John Hannigan’s Rise of the Spectacular reminds us that what people regard as spectacular changes over time. It explores how the United States redefined the concept between 1952 and 1962. Taking on a decade commonly characterized as conformist or stifling, Hannigan tracks revolutionary changes in the nation’s material culture. His account is full of fascinating twists and turns. Readers may not be surprised that Walt Disney looms large in the story, but the breadth and extent of the Disney influence― upon world’s fairs, the Olympic games, Palm Springs, Cinerama, and beyond―is striking. In identifying other dimensions of the spectacular, such as planetariums, chemistry sets, and underwater photography, Hannigan shows how things we take for granted nowadays were mid-20th-century innovations that reshaped the ways people understood and interacted with the world. Americans not only adopted a "spectacular gaze," this important book argues, but also tried expor