CRC Press Hard Rock Hydraulics: An Introduction to Modeling

Hard rock hydraulics concerns arrangements of adjoining intact rock blocks, occurring down to a depth of hundreds of meters, where groundwater percolates within the gaps between these blocks. During the last decades, technical papers related to successful or failed attempts for mining groundwater from hard rocks, and achievements or failures of public or mining developments with respect to these rocks, increased the knowledge of their hydraulics. Examples of activities where the mechanical behavior of these rocks highly interacts with their hydraulics are projects under the sea or groundwater level, such as open pits or underground mines, galleries, tunnels, shafts, underground hydropower plants, oil and LPG storage caverns, and deep disposal of hazardous waste. This book dedicated to hard rock hydraulics assumes some prior knowledge of hydraulics, geology, hydrogeology, and soil and rock mechanics. Chapter I discusses the main issues of modeling; chapter II covers the fundamentals of hard rock hydraulics; chapter III presents concepts regarding approximate solutions; chapter IV discusses data analysis for groundwater modeling; chapter V focuses on finite differences and chapter VI provides examples of some particular unusual applications. This book will help civil and mining engineers and also geologists to solve their practical problems in hydrogeology and public or mining projects. About the Author Born in 1935, Fernando Olavo Franciss grew up in Rio de Janeiro and was credited as a Civil Engineer by the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1958. During the period 1959-1961, he was trained by the late and distinguished Prof. Reynold Barbier at the Institut Dolomieu of the University of Grenoble, France, and was licensed on Applied Geology by the same university. Ten years later, in 1970, he obtained his doctoral degree from this university. As a leading rock engineer, he has gathered a lifetime of international experience in civil engineering practice, often crossing with other fields such as engineering geology, underground mining, and oil and cooled LPG reservoir engineering. From 1964 to 1980, he worked as a part-time professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. From 1964 to 1991 he was engaged at Sondotecnica, a reputed Brazilian Consulting Bureau. Since then, he worked as an independent consultant. During his professional life, he developed and employed finite-difference matrix-algorithms, based on a tensor approach, to model the hydraulic and hydrothermal behavior of complex fractured rock masses. Many now well-known Brazilian experts in civil, earth, rock, and water engineering start their professional career closely working with Prof. Franciss, a fact that pleased him very much. During his career, Dr. Franciss has had the chance to devote part of his time to investigate the hydraulics of fractured rocks related to civil works, mining, oil and gas storage caverns, and interactions of hydrothermal resources with dam reservoirs. He is a member of the Brazilian Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, the Brazilian Society for Engineering and Environmental Geology, the Brazilian National Academy of Engineering, and the International Society for Rock Mechanics. He has won many prestigious awards in Brazil. He has written several papers and some books: 1976, "Permeability of Rock Masses Determined from Integral Samples," in Structural and Geotechnical Mechanics, Editor W. J. Hall, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, (co-authored with Eng. Manoel Rocha); 1980, Hydráulica de Meios Permeáveis, Interciência, Rio de Janeiro; 1985, Soil and Rock Hydraulics - Fundamentals, Numerical Methods, and Techniques of Electrical Analogs, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam; 1989, Túneis em Rochas Brandas, Interciência, Rio de Janeiro; 1994, Weak Rock Tunneling, A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam; 2009, Fractured Rock Hydraulics, Taylor & Francis Group/CRC Press; 2019, Gestão de R